Woven fabric



F. H. STEWART. woven FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, I920.

1,368,214. I Patented Feb. 8. 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

F. H. STEWART.

WOVEN FABRlC. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1920.

1,368,214?- Patented Feb. 8, 1921.-

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

8 4 Ink/Q4133 (RANK H.5Tih/AR1 bile,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE."

mm at. s'rnwenr, or ELKINS max, rnnnsuvama woven raimrc.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK H. STEWART, a citizen of the United States, residing in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, have invented cer- ,tain Improvements in Woven Fabrics, of which the following'is a specification.

My present invention relates to woven fa'brics for use in the manufacture of automoand other, tires for the purpose of supplying a fabric base about which the rubber or similar resilient material, is formed. This invention is similar to that forming the subject matter of my application for United States Letters Patent filed February 3, 1920, Serial No. 355,972, and consists of certain improvements in and additions to the fabric shown and described in that application.

My present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whicha Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing, in transverse section, the contour of fabric woven in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a similar fabric but of modified form;

Fig. 3 is a face view of the take-up roll employed in connection with a loom adapted to weave fabrics of the transverse contour shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and

Fig. 4 is a face view, on an exaggerated scale, and diagrammatic, of. a flat projection of a piece of fabric woven in accordance with my invention.

Fabrics woven in accordance with the invention set forth in my before noted application are especially adapted for use in connection with tires for the reason that they are woven in such manner that they are inherently possessed of both transverse and longitudinal curvature and therefore require no distortion to accord with the transverse and longitudinal curve of the tire. The'objects of my present invention are to so weave the fabric that it will be reinforced at its edges and, if desired, centrally of its width. The first object I accomplish, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, by so weaving the fabric a that its edges 1), b will fold back, and the second object I may accomplish, as shown in Fig. 2, by weaving the central portion 0 of the fabric a that it is of double thickness. In Fig. 4 is illustrated, diagrammatically, the manner in which the warp and weft threads are interwoven to accomplish the desired results.

Basically, the arrangement and disposi- Speclflcation of Letters Patent.

tion of threads is the same as in the fabric of my prevlous application, the present invent on consisting purely in certain am lificatlons thereof and additions thereto. eferrmg to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the fabr1c comprises groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 of warp threads, weft threads 5,6, 7 and 7, loop locking threads 5 and 6, and where desired, su plementary weft threads 8, 8 and 9.

he weft threads 5, 6 and 7 are inter- ,woven with the warp threads in the same manner as is shown in my pending application, as is also the weft thread 7 with the Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

Application filed June 9, 1920. Serial No. 887,584.

exception that said thread 7 is inserted from the opposite side of the fabric from the side from which the thread 7 is inserted. Briefly stated, the weft threads 5, 6, 7 and 7 a are inserted in serial order, for to-and-fro runs through successive sheds of the warp threads and for 1 different transverse distances, that is to say, the weft thread 5 is interwoven only with the warp threads of the group 1 while the weft thread 6 is interwoven with the warp threads of the groups 1 and 2 and the weft threads 7 and 7 are interwoven with all of the warp threads taking in the groups 1, 2, 3 and 4.

As before, the warp threads of all of the various groups differ in length for the purpose of creating and maintaining the proper transverse and longitudinal curvature in the finished fabric. The threads of the groups 2 are progressively shorter than the threads of the group 1 and the threads of the groups 3 are again progressively shorter than the threads of the groups 2. In order, however, that the edges 6 of the fabric a (Figs. 1 and 2) may fold back, the threads of the groups 4 are progressively longer than the threads of the groups 3. The dividing lines between the groups 3 and 4, consequently, are the points of occurrence of the shortest warp threads and, as a result, these are the points of greatest contraction in the finished fabric, and provide the lines on which the edges of the fabric fold back.

In order to agree with the increased length of warp threads at the edges of the fabric it is desirable that extra interwoven the next shed of the warp threads, engagp of this thread is only such ing onl with-.the threads of the groups 4,

or supp ementary weft threads 8 and 8 ma beemployed, these threads being inserte at intervals to form to-and-fro runs engaging 0111 with the threads of the groups 4. It is 0 course, understood, that extended loops 10 are only formed and reinserted or rims of the weft threads 8 and 8 only occur at such intervals as prove to be necessary to properly accord with the length of the warp t reads of the groups 4 and to rovide the filling for the fabric of desired mm and contour.

. Whenit is desiredto form the central reinforcement c (Fig. 2) I make use of'the ugplementary-weft threadtj). This thread ers from the other weft threads in as much as it is interwoven ingevery shed of the warp threads rather than in rotation with the other weft .threads.

portion of the central section of the web as it is desired to reinforce and the to-and-fro runs overlie the corresponding to-and-fro of the main weft threads, thereby forming thedouble thickness of fabric.

Reference to Fi 3 will illustrate .the

manner in which t e take-up roll :0 of the loom is formed to properly coordinate with the transverse and longitudinal curve of the fabricL- This roll :1: is, preferably, of sub 'stantially globular shape with expanded flaringends, which ends serve to accommodate the'turned back. ed es of the fabric.

It must be particular y understood that Fig. 4 is purely diagrammatic and, in addition, re resents a flat projection of the fabric. ile it illustrates, accurately, the details of the weave the effect is not that which is given by the fabric itself. The outstanding feature of difference is that, while the drawing shows, at the sides of the fabric, relatively long stretches of warp threads with which" no wefts are interwoven, this effect is not present in the actual fabric. These stretches of warp threads are caused by the flat projection of the fabric in the same wa that a map of. the world, on Mercators rojection, greatly distorts the regions adjacent the poles. In the actual fabric, owing to the varying lengths of the warp threads, the we threads occupy the full space and are beaten up close to one another, no gaps being present. This point The traverse no erroneous idea be formed regarding .the

invention. I

I claim:

1. A- woven fabrc comprising a set of warp threadsand a continuous weft-formingthread interwoven therewith, said weftforming thread passing forward and backward mthe same shed of the warp threads to form a to-and-fro runftherein, said toand-.fro run being of greater length than terwoven with all of saidwarp threads and another of said weft forming threads being interwoven only with the warp threads disposed adjacent to an edgeof the fabric, and each of said weft forming threads, where interwoven with'said warp threads, passin forward and backward in the same shed 0 said warp threads to form a to-andfro run therein.

3. A woven fabric comprising a set of warp threads and apluralityof continuous weft-forming threads interwoven therewith, one of said weft forming threads being interwoven with all of said warp threads, anotherof said weft-forming threads being interwoven only with the warp threads disposed adjacent to an edge of the fabric, and another of said weft forming threads being interwoven only with the warp threads disposed adjacent to the opposite edge of the fabric, and each of said weftforming threads, where interwoven with said warp threads, passing forward and backward in the same shed of said warp threads to form a to-and-fro run therein.

4. A woven fabric comprising a set of warp threads and a plurality of continuous weft forming threads interwoven therewith. said weft forming threads passing to and fro, in serial order and for different distances, through successive sheds of the warp threads, and a supplementary weft thread passin to and fro through each shed of warp t reads and overlying the weft thread therein.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

; FRANK H. STEWART. 

